- Proto Hind-Ewropaki ra *rtko- ("heş")
- Proto-Aryaki ra
- Ewıstki: areša- ("heş")
- Pehlewki: xirs- ("heş")
- Farski: xirs ("heş")
- Kurmancki: hirč ("heş")
- Belaruski: haik ("haş")
- Osetki: ars ("heş")
- Goranki: hašša ("heş")
- (Zazaki: haš) Alfabeyê Ariki
- Ermenki: arj ("heş")
- Yunanki: arktos ("heş")
- Latinki: ursus ("heş")
- Horn, Paul. Dictionary of Persian Etymology (Strassburg, 1893),
- Watkins, Calvert. The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed., Houghton Mifflin Co., 2007. *Amazon.com ra,
- MacKenzie, David Neil. The dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-i Luhon) Grammatical sketch, texts, and vocabulary. 1966, Kommissionaer: Munksgaard (København).,
- Etymonline. Online English Etymology Dictionary. <etymonline.com> by Douglas Harper.
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